Electricity from Ocean Currents

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Electricity from Ocean currents.

P.K.Ghatak, MD

No.47


The oil embargo placed on the USA and Western European countries by the Petroleum Producing Arab countries in 1971, lasted for a while. These countries realized a more dependable energy source must be found and rather than depending on one technology and one source, multiple ways to generate electricity is more desirable to have.


Utilizing ocean current thus far, remained untapped even though massive hydroelectric dams were in use for a number of decades in so many countries. The potential power that could be generated from the ocean is huge; in one estimate 20,000 times electricity generated at Niagara Falls could be achieved by utilizing only 0.1 % of the Gulf Stream.


The turbines and technology are  tested and reliable and function efficiently for decades in  non-saline water but the corrosive power of ocean water on the submerged machineries, barnacles blocking water inlets and outlets and stormy sea with change of direction of current, high cost of underwater construction and repair are some of the major hurdles that had to be solved before undertaking such costly projects on  commercial scales.


The major world powers are also the countries that are also in the forefront in research and development in this field.  Only pilot programs are tried so far and a published report in 2023 showing the countries generated ocean current electricity - 

South Korea -235 GW

France - 212 GW

USA - 23 GW.


It is expected that geopolitical conditions of the world will push certain countries, like Taiwan, Japan and South Korea in this field. The map of the sea shows countries are well suited for electricity generation because available ocean currents are South Africa, Mozambique, Kenya, Tanzania, Madagascar and Somalia.


In addition to ocean currents, the following are other types of ocean water suitable for generating electricity.

  1. Tidal Power. Utilizing rushing water during high tides and receding water in ebb tides are convenient sources

  2. Wave Energy. Turbines can be strategically positioned to utilize surface incessant ocean waves. This process will involve construction close to the shore and will likely face opposition from local residents.

  3. Ocean Thermal Energy. The surface water of the ocean is warm compared with water obtained from the depth of several thousand feet. Heat Exchanger will extract the thermal energy and convert it into electricity.




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